Uburyo bwo kunoza umutekano ku barwayi bakorerwa isuzuma rya muganga kenshi

Muri iki cyumweru, IAEA yateguye inama yo kuri interineti kugira ngo ikemure intambwe imaze guterwa mu kugabanya ibyago bifitanye isano n’imirasire ku barwayi bakeneye gufotorwa kenshi n’abaganga, ndetse inagenzura ko inyungu zabo zibungabungwa. Muri iyo nama, abitabiriye baganiriye ku ngamba zo gukomeza amabwiriza yo kurinda abarwayi no gushyira mu bikorwa ibisubizo by’ikoranabuhanga mu gukurikirana amateka y’abarwayi bahuye na yo. Byongeye kandi, basuzumye ingamba mpuzamahanga zigamije gukomeza kunoza uburyo abarwayi barinda imirasire.

“Buri munsi, abarwayi babarirwa muri za miriyoni bungukirwa no gukoresha amashusho yo gusuzuma indwara nka computed tomography (CT), X-rays, (byuzuzwa n'ibikoresho bitandukanye ndetse muri rusange n'ubwoko bune bwainjecti zikoresha umuvuduko mwinshi: Inshinge imwe ya CT, Inshinge ebyiri za CT, Inshinge za MRI, naAngiografiya or Injecti ikoresha umuvuduko mwinshi wa DSA(nanone yitwa “Laboratwari ya cath“),ndetse na seringe n'imiyoboro), hamwe n'uburyo bwo gukoresha amashusho buyobowe n'amashusho, uburyo bwo gukoresha imiti ya kirimbuzi, ariko hamwe no gukoresha amashusho y'imirasire kwiyongera, haza impungenge ku kwiyongera kw'imirasire ku barwayi,” ibi byavuzwe na Peter Johnston, Umuyobozi w'Ishami rishinzwe Imirasire, Ubwikorezi n'Umutekano w'Imyanda rya IAEA. “Ni ngombwa gushyiraho ingamba zifatika zo kunoza impamvu zo gukoresha amashusho no kunoza uburyo bwo kurinda imirasire kuri buri murwayi uri gusuzumwa no kuvurwa.”

Ku isi yose, buri mwaka hakorwa ibikorwa birenga miliyari 4 byo gusuzuma indwara hakoreshejwe imirasire n'imiti ya kirimbuzi. Ibyiza by'ubu buryo biruta cyane ingaruka z'imirasire iyo bikorwa hakurikijwe impamvu z'ubuvuzi, bigakoresha uburyo buke bwo gusuzuma cyangwa kuvura kugira ngo intego zikenewe zo gusuzuma cyangwa kuvura zigerweho.

Igipimo cy'imirasire ituruka ku gikorwa cyo gufata amashusho ku giti cyayo ubusanzwe kiba gito, akenshi gihinduka hagati ya 0.001 mSv na 20-25 mSv, bitewe n'ubwoko bw'igikorwa. Iki gipimo cyo guhura n'imirasire y'inyuma abantu bahura nayo mu gihe cy'iminsi myinshi kugeza ku myaka mike. Jenia Vassileva, Impuguke mu kurinda imirasire muri IAEA, yaburiye ko ingaruka zishobora guterwa n'imirasire zishobora kwiyongera iyo umurwayi akoze ibikorwa bitandukanye byo gufata amashusho birimo guhura n'imirasire, cyane cyane iyo bibaye mu buryo bukurikiranye.

Impuguke zisaga 90 ziturutse mu bihugu 40, imiryango mpuzamahanga 11 n'inzego z'inzobere bitabiriye inama kuva ku ya 19 kugeza ku ya 23 Ukwakira. Abitabiriye inama barimo impuguke mu kurinda imirasire, abahanga mu by'imirasire, abaganga mu by'imiti ya kirimbuzi, abaganga, abahanga mu bya fiziki, abahanga mu by'imirasire, abahanga mu by'imirasire, abahanga mu by'indwara z'ibyorezo, abashakashatsi, abakora n'abahagarariye abarwayi.

Gukurikirana uburyo abarwayi bahura n'imirasire

Inyandiko zisobanutse neza kandi zihoraho, raporo, n'isesengura ry'ibipimo by'imirasire byakiriwe n'abarwayi mu bigo by'ubuvuzi bishobora kunoza imicungire y'ibipimo bitabangamiye amakuru y'isuzuma. Gukoresha amakuru yanditswe mu bizamini byabanje n'ibipimo byatanzwe bishobora kugira uruhare runini mu kwirinda guhura n'ibibazo bitari ngombwa.

Madan M. Rehani, Umuyobozi w’Ishami rishinzwe Kurengera Imirasire ku Isi mu Bitaro Bikuru bya Massachusetts muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika akaba n’Umuyobozi w’inama, yagaragaje ko ikoreshwa ry’uburyo bwo kugenzura imirasire ryagutse ryatanze amakuru agaragaza ko umubare w’abarwayi bakuramo dose ingana na 100 mSv no hejuru yayo mu myaka myinshi bitewe n’uburyo bwo gupima bwakozwe inshuro nyinshi ari munini ugereranije n’uko byari byitezwe mbere. Icyegeranyo cy’abarwayi ku isi yose ni miliyoni imwe ku mwaka. Byongeye kandi, yashimangiye ko umurwayi umwe muri batanu muri iki cyiciro ateganijwe kuba ari munsi y’imyaka 50, ibi bikaba byazamuye impungenge ku ngaruka zishobora guterwa n’imirasire, cyane cyane ku bafite igihe kirekire cyo kubaho kandi bashobora kurwara kanseri bitewe n’ubwiyongere bw’imirasire.

Inzira yo Kujya Imbere

Abitabiriye inama bemeje ko hakenewe ubufasha bunoze kandi bunoze ku barwayi bafite indwara zidakira n’indwara zisaba gufata amashusho kenshi. Bavuze ko ari ngombwa gushyira mu bikorwa uburyo bwo gukurikirana imirasire no kuyihuza n’izindi gahunda z’amakuru yerekeye ubuzima kugira ngo hagerwe ku musaruro mwiza. Byongeye kandi, bashimangiye ko hagomba gutezwa imbere iterambere ry’ibikoresho byo gufata amashusho bikoresha dose nto n’ibikoresho bisanzwe byo kugenzura dose kugira ngo bikoreshwe ku isi yose.

Ariko, ubushobozi bw'ibikoresho nk'ibi bugezweho ntibushingira gusa ku mashini na sisitemu nziza, ahubwo bushingiye ku buhanga bw'abakoresha nk'abaganga, abahanga mu bya fiziki n'abatekinisiye. Bityo, ni ngombwa ko babona amahugurwa akwiye n'ubumenyi bugezweho ku bijyanye n'ibyago by'imirasire, guhanahana ubumenyi, no kuvugana mu buryo buboneye n'abarwayi n'ababitaho ku byerekeye ibyiza n'ingaruka zishobora kubaho.